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What were the "Three Chapters"?

What Was Condemned at the Second Council of Constantinople

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Starting explanation, not independently reviewed

The current answer

An emperor, three dead bishops, and an anathema that may never have made it into the minutes.

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The Council of 553's recorded agenda concerned the Three Chapters, not a simple vote on reincarnation.

Imported citation, not independently checked: Acts of Constantinople (553), session 8; Richard Price (2009)

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The condemnation of Origen ran on a parallel imperial track.

Imported citation, not independently checked: Justinian's letter to Menas (c. 543); fifteen anathemas against Origenism

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Critics counter that the fifteen anathemas were treated as authoritative for centuries and that the distinction is too convenient.

Imported citation, not independently checked: I. Ramelli, The Christian Doctrine of Apokatastasis (2013); Richard Price (2009)

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Third, anti-Origenist editors later attached the fifteen anathemas to the council's records, so manuscripts look unified.

Imported citation, not independently checked: Richard Price, The Acts of the Council of Constantinople of 553 (2009)

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