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Who Was Zoroaster (Zarathustra)?

Who Was Zoroaster (Zarathustra)?

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Starting explanation, not independently reviewed

The current answer

A herdsman-priest who heard one God ask everyone the same question, and a date no one can pin down.

What remains uncertain

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Claims & evidence

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Zoroaster's detailed biography is preserved in later legends rather than contemporary records.

Imported citation, not independently checked: M. Boyce, Zoroastrians (1979); A. de Jong, Traditions of the Magi

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Old Avestan is closely cognate with the Sanskrit of the Rigveda: same Indo-Iranian parent, similar archaic grammar.

Imported citation, not independently checked: H. Humbach et al., The Gathas of Zarathustra (1991)

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The competing tradition (preserved in Greek and later Zoroastrian sources) placed him "258 years before Alexander," i.e. the 6th century BCE.

Imported citation, not independently checked: A. de Jong, Traditions of the Magi (1997)

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The hinge is the famous "two spirits" passage of Yasna 30: two primal mentalities, a better and a worse, and the demand that every being choose between them.

Imported citation, not independently checked: Yasna 30.3-6

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